Frequently Asked Questions

Q. What is a polygraph?
The polygraph is an instrument that records physiological changes internally. It records respiratory activity, elector dermal activity and cardio (blood volume) activity. When an individual lies the fight/flight syndrome kicks in and physiological changes occur.

Q. How accurate is a polygraph?
The polygraph is extremely accurate. Different testing formats will yield different percentage accuracy rates. The most reliable is a specific issue examination. Results from a polygraph will be Deception Indicated (DI), No Deception Indicated (NDI) or Inconclusive/no opinion (INC or NO). While most cases will be determined during the polygraph, sometimes an examination will be inconclusive. This means no opinion is rendered as to deception or truth.

Q. Will nerves affect the outcome?
All examinees have some type of general nervous tension and may feel guilty about taking a polygraph exam. During the pretest phase, the examiner will review all elements of the examination and review the test questions prior to administering the examination. By this time, the innocent examinee will be a bit more relaxed; nervousness will not cause the innocent examinee to be shown deceptive.

Q. Will I know what the questions are prior to the test?
Yes. There are no surprises on a polygraph. Every question will be reviewed prior to you being attached to the equipment.

Q. How many questions will be asked on a test?
Each examination format differs. Most examinations will cover three relevant questions as long as they are related by issue and time. If more questions are required numerous examinations will be conducted and the cost will increase.

Q. Do medications affect the accuracy of the polygraph test?
Some medications and medical conditions can influence physiological responses and diminish tracings, but they do not produce erroneous outcomes. Examinees should continue taking medications as prescribed by doctors. If you are taking medication, notify your examiner and they can evaluate its effect on the test.

Q. Can someone under 18 take a polygraph?
Yes. However, written consent is necessary from their guardian if they are under age 16.

Q. Can anyone test sex offenses?
The American Polygraph Association (APA) requires examiners who conduct Post-Conviction Sex Offender Testing (PCSOT) to be certified. If you have been convicted or are under investigation for a sex crime, you should choose a PSCOT certified examiner who has additional training for this type of exam.

Q. How long does it take to administer a Polygraph test?
A polygraph examination will take at a minimum 90 minutes. They can last longer depending on the issues.There are four phases in a polygraph. The first phase waivers are signed, medical information is reviewed and the polygraph procedures will be explained. The second phase is the pre-test. During this phase, all elements of the examination and facts of the case are reviewed and questions are formulated. The third phase is the testing. Most examinations will consist of at least three separate charts repeating the reviewed questions. The post-test phase is the last portion and the examiner will review the results of the examination.

Q. Will I know the results of my Polygraph test?
Yes. After the examination, the examinee will be given a verbal confirmation of the outcome. A written report will follow if requested.

Q. Is a polygraph admissible in court?
Yes. If it is stipulated to by the prosecution, defense and approved by the court prior to the administration of the polygraph.

Q. Who should not take a Polygraph test?

• Anyone who is being forced to take it. Polygraphs are VOLUNTARY. Any person who is fatigued or has not had at least 6 hours of sleep in the past 24 hours. Any person with a serious heart condition, nerve damage, paralysis or serious medical ailment unless his/her doctor has given written approval. Each case will be evaluated by the examiner. A pregnant woman. Under Utah rules and regulations, pregnant women cannot be examined regardless of where they are in the pregnancy. Any person who is determined to be mentally incompetent.
• Any person who has a respiratory illness or cold.

Q. Can a person ‘beat’ the polygraph?
Honest people will not try to beat the polygraph. The polygraph records the sympathetic system (the fight or flight syndrome). Counter measures are easily detected and usually only employed by dishonest individuals. Some individuals may take medication in attempts to relax them; however, it just relaxes them on all questions and they still react to the relevant issue. Counter measure devices such as the piezo-sensors are utilized to detect any bodily movement. It is virtually impossible to change the results of an examination.

Q. Can an employer require an employee to submit to a polygraph?
Please review the Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA) as there are stringent requirements

Q. What should I look for in an examiner?
Assure they are licensed (if state required) and insured. Also, assure they belong to professional organizations and attend continuing education. If you are looking for an examiner to test on a sexual issue, assure they are PSCOT certified by the APA.